Abstracts
Vulnerability of Arctic Communities to Risks Associated with Climate Change: Two Case Studies from Nunavut
James Ford1, Barry Smit, Johanna Wandel
1University of Guelph
jford01@uoguelph.ca
This paper characterizes the nature of vulnerability of two Arctic communities' to risks associated with climate change. The work utilizes a vulnerability approach, which explicitly incorporates the knowledge, experience, and observations of Inuit. This is used to identify current exposures and adaptive strategies, and assess future risks and adaptation needs.
During 2004 over 100 interviews were conducted in the traditional Inuit communities' of Arctic Bay and Igloolik. The interviews indicate that in the face of changing climatic and environmental conditions Inuit have demonstrated significant adaptability. Coping strategies involve risk minimization, risk avoidance, modification of the timing and location of harvesting activities, and modification of the equipment used to harvest. This adaptability is facilitated by traditional skills and extensive knowledge of the environment in which they live, strong social networks, flexibility in seasonal hunting cycles, and institutional support. While both communities' are managing these challenges, the social and cultural implications of the transition of a traditional Inuit lifestyle to an increasingly 'southern' wage based lifestyle have placed many of the coping mechanisms under stress. These conditions and processes will constrain or enhance the ability to manage future changes in climate.
By utilizing indigenous knowledge the research incorporates insights often not captured in conventional impacts assessment. Interpretation of indigenous knowledge and science is essential if vulnerability and adaptation initiatives are to be relevant to and reflective of the people of the Arctic.
2005-04-05 |
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